Pattern and Levels of Income among Loan Waiver Beneficiary Households in Punjab
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Author: Balwinder Singh Tiwana1, Taranjeet Singh2 and Jaskaran Singh3
Author Address: 1Professor and Head, Department of Economics, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, 2Assistant Prof., Department of Economics, Patel Memorial National College, Rajpura-140401, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Ramgarhia College, Phagwara-144402
Keywords: Debt-relief, farm business income, Gini-coefficient, income from livestock, one time settlement.
JEL Codes: Q10, Q12, Q19.
Abstract
After a major change of 1991 in the Indian economy, there is a significant structural change not only in India but also in Punjab. Productivity in agriculture has reached its peak in Punjab and now the whole agriculture sector is burdened with the crisis of stagnation, overcapitalization, indebtedness, etc. Now it would be interesting to know the pattern and levels of income. This paper is an attempt to analyze the pattern and levels of income among loan waiver beneficiary households in Punjab using primary data of 318 households. The average household income of loan waiver beneficiary households was `229072.38, while it was the highest in Mansa district, followed by Ludhiana district and Hoshiarpur district. The study found that nearly 81 percent of the total income of households comes from agricultural sources and remaining from non-agricultural sources. Further huge inequalities of income were observed among beneficiary households. Inter-district inequalities showed that the Hoshiarpur district had minimum inequalities of income.
Description
Indian Journal of Economics and Development
Volume 16 No. SS, 2020, 426-431
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35716/ijed/NS20-099
Indexed in Clarivate Analytics (ESCI) of WoS
Balwinder Singh Tiwana1, Taranjeet Singh2 and Jaskaran Singh3
1Professor and Head, Department of Economics, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, 2Assistant Prof., Department of Economics,
Patel Memorial National College, Rajpura-140401, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Ramgarhia College, Phagwara-144402.
Corresponding author’s email: kharoud7247@gmail.com